Which of the following is not one of the main financial statements that companies prepare to measure and report the results of their business activities?

The statement of liabilities is not considered one of the main financial statements used by companies to measure and report their business activities. The primary financial statements that are universally recognized include the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows.

The income statement summarizes a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period, allowing stakeholders to assess profitability. The balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time, showcasing the company's financial position. The statement of cash flows details the inflows and outflows of cash, giving insights into the company's liquidity and operational efficiency.

In contrast, a statement of liabilities is not a standalone financial statement. Liabilities are typically recorded and reported as a section within the balance sheet, making it unnecessary to have a separate statement dedicated solely to liabilities. This distinction emphasizes the significance and recognized structure of the primary financial statements in assessing a company's performance and financial health.